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Real estate advice
04 August 2020
Against a background of ecological and energy-related transition, and given that the car remains the primary mode of transport in mountain regions, what are the major challenges and points to consider for transport in the Alps in the coming decades?
The new “Orientation et mobilité” (Orientation & Transport) law (LOM) which came into effect at the end of 2019 dramatically altered the Transport landscape in France. The objective of the new law is to eliminate dependance on the automobile by developing new forms of transport, with a target of 100% clean energy by 2040. With a focus on day-to-day transport, the investment plan primarily favours the railways as well as development of alternative and innovative transport solutions, especially in less-populated regions which are poorly served by existing transport infrastructure.
In the Alps, notably in Savoie and Haute-Savoie, the subject could not be more relevant, especially as new local transport solutions for tourism emerge. With a road network limited by the topography that has developed more slowly than the growth in population and vehicle numbers, many routes are busy and journey times are increasing, especially during peak periods. The comprehensive national study is allowing the major transport challenges in mountains regions, and the Alps in particular, to be identified. The fact remains, however, that the automobile is the primary mode of transport in the mountains for locals and visitors alike, in both summer and winter.
Even though almost a third of the French tourist clientele in Auvergne Rhône-Alpes are from outside the region, a change in attitudes appears to be taking place. Although several resorts in the Alps are accessible via TGV, the transport network in the mountains needs to become better-integrated as it continues to develop, and public transport will therefore play an essential role in the future. According to the conservation organisation Mountain Wilderness, the future of transport in the mountain will be marked by “a coherent and concerted public transport able to respond to social, economic, energy and environmental challenges”.
In the case of existing public transport services, notably bus operators, vehicle fleets will need to switch to cleaner forms of energy, given that transport generates 57% of greenhouse gas emissions in mountain resorts. The SkiBus fleet in Megève is being converted to run on natural gas, whilst a number of resorts including Val-Thorens, La Plagne and les Deux-Alpes are testing or considering the introduction of driverless electric buses to transport visitors from out-lying car parks to the resort centre. In the Tarentaise, a secure hitch-hiking network was set up a few years ago and car-sharing platforms are multiplying. At the same time, major transport reviews are taking place, especially in the AURA* region where France Mobilités (Transport for France) is assisting local authorities within the framework of the Orientation and Transport law.
Challenges for transport development in the Alps :
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